Short answer ...
YPMMV!
Long detailed technical answer,
It is not so much the chamber pressure that is the issue, it is the residual pressure at the gas port that may be critical. Some of the newer high performance .308 WIN ammo maintain a sensible SAMMI spec chamber pressure, but are designed more for BOLT action rifles, so the residual pressure way up the barrel at the gas port may vary considerably from the 7.62 NATO spec the M14 was originally designed around. Slower powders, powder with a retardant added, or "Duplex" powder loads all increase velocity by maintaining burn for longer duration.
The gas assembly on the M14 is somewhat forgiving of slight port pressure increase, but if you want to play with the bleeding edge of power and velocity in an M14, then get yourself a grooved piston or an adjustable/ ported gas plug.
The long distance/1000 yd/ match M14 shooters will probably have more experience with this issue. They are always pushing the envelope. Hopefully some of them will chime in here with more specific answers.
PS: I have been shooting some of the higher velocity NOSLER 168 gr HPBT Match loads in my bolt rifle, my AR 10, and my M14. This ammo is labeled as having a muzzle velocity 100 fps faster than 168 gr Federal GMM. All three of these rifles have VERY tight .308 Win chambers. The Nosler ammo is superbly accurate in my bolt rifle [ one ragged hole for 4 shots ], does about 2" in my M14 [ still dialing the M14 in ], and sub-moa in my AR 10.
BUT,
the AR 10 has a carbine length gas system, and was way over gassed with the Nosler ammo. Cratered primers, and a couple of loose primers were the warning signs. The M14 gas system with the op rod is a lot more complicated and generally considered more fragile than the AR direct impingement gas system. But in this case, with the shorted carbine gas system port location, the AR 10 was scary, and the M14 was not.
as I said,
YPMMV!